Location: located in the lower Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta economic zone, Nanjing has always been one of Chinas most important cities.The city is 300 kilometers (186 mi) west of Shanghai, 1,200 kilometers (746 mi) south of Beijing

Neighboring Areas: Shanghai Shandong Shanxi Hubei Hunan

Population: an urban population of over five million

Physical Features: Yangtze River drainage basin

History: Nanjing (literally: Southern pital) served as the capital of China during several historical periods, including as the former capital city of Republic of Chine  and is listed as one of the Four GreatAncientCpaipals of China

Climatic Features: Seasons are distinct in Nanjing, with usually hot summers and plenty of rainfall throughout the year. Along with Wuhan and Chongqing, Nanjing is often referred to as one of the "Three Furnacelike Cities" along the Yangtze River  for the perennially high temperatures in the summertime. 

Average Temperature: The average temperature during the year is 16 ¡ãC (61 ¡ãF). The average high temperature in January is 7 ¡ãC (45 ¡ãF) while the average low is −1 ¡ãC (30.2 ¡ãF); the average high in July is 32 ¡ãC (90 ¡ãF) with an average low of 25 ¡ãC (77 ¡ãF). The highest recorded temperature is 43 ¡ãC (109 ¡ãF) (July 13, 1934), and the lowest −16.9 ¡ãC (2 ¡ãF) (Jan 6, 1955). On average it rains 117 days out of the year, and the average annual rainfall is 1,106.5 millimetres (43.6 in).

Rainfall: The time from mid-June to the end of July is the plum blossom Meoyu season, during which the city experiences a period of mild rain as well as dampness.

Mountains: Purple Mountain

Rivers: Yangtze River

Local Highlights: Nanjing has always been one of Chinas most important cities. Apart from having been the capital of China for six dynasties and of China,  Nanjing has also served as a national hub of education, research, transportation and tourism throughout history.